# [2305.14251] FActScore: Fine-grained Atomic Evaluation of Factual Precision in Long Form Text Generation
Abstract page for arXiv paper 2305.14251: FActScore: Fine-grained Atomic Evaluation of Factual Precision in Long Form Text Generation

# Computer Science > Computation and Language

[Submitted on 23 May 2023 (v1), last revised 11 Oct 2023 (this version, v2)]

# Title:FActScore: Fine-grained Atomic Evaluation of Factual Precision in Long Form Text Generation

Authors: Sewon Min, Kalpesh Krishna, Xinxi Lyu, Mike Lewis, Wen-tau Yih, Pang Wei Koh, Mohit Iyyer, Luke Zettlemoyer, Hannaneh Hajishirzi
View a PDF of the paper titled FActScore: Fine-grained Atomic Evaluation of Factual Precision in Long Form Text Generation, by Sewon Min and 8 other authors
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> Abstract:Evaluating the factuality of long-form text generated by large language models (LMs) is non-trivial because (1) generations often contain a mixture of supported and unsupported pieces of information, making binary judgments of quality inadequate, and (2) human evaluation is time-consuming and costly. In this paper, we introduce FACTSCORE, a new evaluation that breaks a generation into a series of atomic facts and computes the percentage of atomic facts supported by a reliable knowledge source. We conduct an extensive human evaluation to obtain FACTSCOREs of people biographies generated by several state-of-the-art commercial LMs -- InstructGPT, ChatGPT, and the retrieval-augmented PerplexityAI -- and report new analysis demonstrating the need for such a fine-grained score (e.g., ChatGPT only achieves 58%). Since human evaluation is costly, we also introduce an automated model that estimates FACTSCORE using retrieval and a strong language model, with less than a 2% error rate. Finally, we use this automated metric to evaluate 6,500 generations from a new set of 13 recent LMs that would have cost $26K if evaluated by humans, with various findings: GPT-4 and ChatGPT are more factual than public models, and Vicuna and Alpaca are some of the best public models. FACTSCORE is available for public use via `pip install factscore`.

Comments: | 25 pages; 7 figures. Published as a main conference paper at EMNLP 2023. Code available at this https URL
Subjects: | Computation and Language (cs.CL); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Machine Learning (cs.LG)
Cite as: | arXiv:2305.14251 [cs.CL]
| (or arXiv:2305.14251v2 [cs.CL] for this version)
| https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2305.14251 arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite

## Submission history

From: Sewon Min [view email]
[v1] Tue, 23 May 2023 17:06:00 UTC (2,490 KB)
[v2] Wed, 11 Oct 2023 05:27:50 UTC (2,491 KB)
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